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There is an image I cannot get out of my mind. It is of Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg telling a plucky employee in a giant inflatable Pikachu costume that Facebook “is not a democracy.”
The Halloween showdown was described in a recent, excellent New York Times feature about Zuckerberg’s consolidation of power at the company he founded in his Harvard dorm room 16 years ago. Under fire from antitrust regulators, grandstanding politicians, and proponents of truth and democracy the world over, Zuckerberg has recently adopted a more aggressive style of leadership. He considers himself to be at “war,” as the Wall Street Journal reported in the fall.
In the Facebook foxhole, Zuckerberg is god-king. With his majority ownership of super-voting shares, he is practically infallible. Lately, Zuckerberg has tightened his stranglehold on the firm by swapping out five disfavored board members for more amenable minions. The move is just the latest of many examples of bigfooting, which started well before Zuckerberg’s decision in 2018, just reported by the Journal, to ignore much of the company’s own internal research about Facebook products sowing division.
All this was on my mind a few weeks ago when I interviewed Chris Dixon, an investor at the Silicon Valley firm Andreessen Horowitz, at Ready Layer One, a virtual conference catering to blockchain-based businesses. During our fireside chat, I asked whether cryptocurrency-focused startups, such as the ones Dixon invests in, might get beaten at their own game by incumbents like Facebook. Zuckerberg, after all, has a mounting interest in decentralization, privacy, and digital currencies, like Libra (also an Andreessen investment).
It’s clear that Dixon, who just finished raising a second cryptocurrency fund, has qualms about the status quo in the tech industry. “Why should a small opaque product committee at a social network be deciding who gets access to that platform?” he said, before rattling off a number of increasingly pressing existential questions facing Facebook and its peers. “Who gets demonetized? Or monetized? How do rankings work? Which news organizations are allowed? What is fake news?”
Each of these questions represents a major headache for management teams. At Facebook, the solution so far has been to punt responsibility to an independent content moderation committee. But Dixon presents an alternative vision in which the participants of a network would get to make all the decisions themselves.
Picture, Dixon urges, “a community-owned-and-operated Twitter” governed by—shocker—voting!
In this scenario, cryptocurrency would replace fleeting “likes” and “favs” as compensation for network activity. (Reddit’s new experiment with cryptocurrencies is an interesting step in this direction.) Whether blockchains are necessary to enable this utopian techno-political system—and whether the platforms could avoid becoming cesspools of Internet bile—is open to debate.
But Dixon’s ideas are worth considering, especially his conviction that DAOs, or “digital autonomous organizations,” software-coordinated co-ops designed to replace corporations, are the way of the future. Beyond just social media, ride-hailing drivers with their own DAO could control the conditions of their work and reap the biggest financial rewards for it, instead of, say, Uber Technologies Inc. In such an idealized world, the distinction between “owner” and “user” would evaporate.
I recommend reading the condensed Q&A version of our conversation, or watching a video recording of the chat here. Given the choice between Zuckerbergian supremacy and the democratic dreamscape Dixon promulgates, the choice is obvious, at least to me.
I choose you, Pikachu.
***
Speaking of social networks, my co-chairs will be kicking off the first Fortune Brainstorm Finance Community Conversation tomorrow. The event is invitation-only, but if you’re an executive who’d like to attend, send us an email. I’ll be moderating a discussion with top executives at Google, Square, and Robinhood about how fintech is faring on the front lines of the pandemic. You don’t need to dress up like a Pokémon to participate, but it is encouraged.
Robert Hackett
DECENTRALIZED NEWS
Credits
UBS launches a venture fund for fintechs ... CoinTalk, easily the most entertaining and thought-provoking cryptocurrency podcast, returns for a special episode ... May 22 was Bitcoin Pizza Day ... Crypto exchange CoinBase will become a 'remote-first company' ... Zoom releases its end-to-end encryption plans ... The much-hyped Polkadot blockchain goes live ... Tencent and Alibaba led the pack on blockchain patents last year ... Square cofounder says a recession is a great time to start a company.
Debits
Google faces Indian antitrust case over Google Pay ... Goldman Sachs declares cryptocurrency 'not an asset class' ... Trump press secretary reveals president's bank account details ... Macau's casino visionary dead at 98 ... African lending app Okash publicly shames users who miss payments ... Craig Wright, who has claimed to be the creator of Bitcoin, is called a "liar and a fraud" by Bitcoin addresses he claimed to own ... Steem, a blockchain recently taken over by TRON head Justin Sun, will seize the funds of hostile holders ... Crypto hedge funds struggle to recover from downturn
BUBBLE-O-METER
$824 billion
The dollar-denominated value of a coronavirus recovery and relief package currently being considered by the European Union. The plan would be funded by debt issued by E.U. member countries in common, a historic step. But that aspect of the plan is leading to resistance from wealthier and less-indebted member nations including the Netherlands, Denmark, Austria and Sweden, since the funds seem likely to mostly benefit less wealthy, more-indebted southern European countries like Greece and Italy. That conflict takes on ominous significance when comparing the bailout proposal to the several trillions of dollars already spent on debt-funded bailouts by the U.S. - whose economy is only modestly larger than the European Union's.
FOMO NO MO'
The movement of markets can appear random. But at the end of the day, most investors are getting their information from the same sources—oil consumption and strike prices, coronavirus infections and Wall Street Journal headlines. Could it be that with enough processing power, it’s possible to discern signals in the noise?
Fast Company asks whether artificial intelligence can beat the stock market. Jeff Glickman, a 59 year old computer scientist who has never worked on Wall Street, may have cracked the problem. His fund, J4 Capital, is managed by an automated artificial intelligence, and has beaten the market by 31% so far this year. Glickman essentially claims that he has found (or built) the Holy Grail of investing: a way to read market signals quickly and accurately enough to predict the future. But the technology is necessarily proprietary, making those claims hard to thoroughly vet.
That's one likely reason J4 is currently minuscule, with just $7.2 million in assets under management. But if it does what it says on the tin, that could get a lot bigger, fast. That would raise a bigger set of questions, similar to those raised by algorithmic high-frequency trading over the past two decades: what happens as more of the market becomes automated, and bots like J4's are competing with (and taking notes from) each other?
THE LEDGER'S LATEST
Bankruptcy attorneys may have the hottest job in the downturn - David Z. Morris
Coinbase acquires crypto trading firm Tagomi - Jeff John Roberts
Finserv CEO Frank Bisignano's coronavirus playbook - Shawn Tully
Venmo, PayPal, and other money transfer apps are surging - Jeff John Roberts
Stocks soar on vaccine hopes - Bernhard Warner
Genesis expands crypto footprint with custody acquisition - Jeff John Roberts
What happens to investor shares when a company delists? - Eamon Barrett
America's coronavirus relief package has a newborn-shaped loophole - Claire Zillman and Emma Hinchcliffe
What to do if your employer stops matching your 401k contributions - Anne Sraders
Facebook rebrands Libra crypto wallet to Novi - Jeff John Roberts
The Chinese consumer is back: Analyst says China is experiencing a V-shaped recovery - Grady McGregor
MEMES AND MUMBLES
Bloomberg's Joe Weisenthal may be the most artful troll on finance Twitter. He's also undeniably correct (but ... think about it for a second).
This edition of The Ledger was curated by David Z. Morris. Contact him at david.morris@fortune.com.