As various companies dabble with four-day workweek experiments, one major international city is gambling that flexible work will solve for more than just overworked employees.   

The Tokyo Metropolitan government will begin to allow staffers to work four days a week beginning in April of next year, writes my colleague Marco Quiroz-Gutierrez. That’s particularly significant in light of the fact that it’s one of the country’s biggest employers. The agency is also beefing up their child care leave benefits, allowing some people to work fewer hours a day in order to better balance their household responsibilities.  

“We will continue to review work styles flexibly to ensure that women do not have to sacrifice their careers due to life events such as childbirth or child-rearing,” Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike said in a speech last week, the Japan Times reported. 

Like some other countries in the world, Japan is currently experiencing low birthrates. Eight straight years of decreasing birth numbers has contributed to fears of a shrinking population, which could impact the economy. The government has thrown all sorts of potential fixes at the problem, but the crux of the dilemma is likely a combination of hard-working culture and a major gender gap. Japanese women do five times the amount of unpaid work as men, which includes child and elder care, according to a 2024 report from the International Monetary Fund. 

It’s not just Japanese women who are struggling right now. Working women in the U.S. scored lower than men when it comes to wellness across every single metric measured, including physical, mental and emotional, and financial wellbeing. Flexible schedules and the ability to work remotely have often been suggested as a way to help women in particular juggle the responsibilities of work and home life. It’s also worth noting that there are some major potential pitfalls for women when it comes to remote work. But companies with hardline RTO mandates are losing women talent.

The promise of remote work, of course, is appealing to all kinds of workers. One study that tracked employees in the U.K. working four days a week found that it reduced staff turnover, and improved physical and mental health. Another study in Germany found that workers on that schedule got more sleep and felt less stressed than their peers. Individual companies have also tested it on their own, with great success.

Most workplaces are still hesitant to actually break away from their traditional five-day schedule. So all eyes are on Tokyo to see how their experiment works out—and what that could mean for everyone else.

Azure Gilman
azure.gilman@fortune.com

Today’s edition was curated by Emma Burleigh.

Around the Table

A round-up of the most important HR headlines.

Consulting company McKinsey will promote only 200 workers to partner this year—down about 20% from last year. Wall Street Journal

The U.S. Labor Department is investigating a claim that at least six migrant teens worked at a delivery facility in Illinois that is a subsidiary of meal kit company HelloFresh. New York Times 

As applicant pools have become more global, HR teams have become burdened with figuring out how to set competitive salaries. Here’s how to strategize attractive compensation. Financial Times

Watercooler

Everything you need to know from Fortune.

Under arrest. Police have taken a suspect into custody in connection with the killing of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson. Luigi Mangione, 26, attended an Ivy League university and showed “ill will towards corporate America.” —Lila MacLellan

Stifled staffers. A career coach unveils the three ways mid-senior level executives are being held back—from “dry promotions,” to putting top achievers on performance improvement plans. —Jane Thier

Multitasking. About 90% of working Americans are juggling two gigs at once, and 41% of them admit to clocking in for both jobs at the same time, according to a new report. —AP

Chipping away. British working women are still facing an uphill battle with their careers—the proportion of female executives in the country is climbing slowly, but they’re still largely underrepresented. —Katherine Griffiths, Bloomberg