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Texas Instruments helped bring about the modern electronics age with the 1958 invention of the integrated circuit by one of its engineers. The resulting microchips made possible all manner of compact gadgets, including handheld calculators, which the company continues to sell under its brand name. The vast majority of TI’s business today is building and selling semiconductors. With more than a dozen chip-manufacturing facilities throughout the world, Texas Instruments is a leading provider of analog and embedded processors. The chip company’s vast portfolio of more than 80,000 products serves customers in a range of industries, such as automotive, defense, aerospace, computing, and communications.

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Texas Instruments (TXN): Company Profile, Stock Price, News, Rankings

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Welcome to the Texas Instruments First Quarter twenty twenty five Earnings Conference Call. I'm Dave Paul, and I'm joined by our Chief Executive Officer, Haviv Lalon and our Chief Financial Officer, Rafael Lazardi. In addition, Mike Beckman has joined us. As you may know, I will be retiring, and Mike will replace me as Vice President of Investor Relations. Mike has worked at TI for nearly two decades and has worked directly with me in Investor Relations for five years.

Mike will moderate today's call. And with that, let me turn it

Thanks, Dave. I'm looking forward to the opportunity. For any of you who missed the release, you can find it on our website at ti.com/ir. This call is being broadcast live over the web and can be accessed through our website.

In addition, today's call is being recorded and will be available via replay on our website. This call will include forward looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause TI's results to differ materially from management's current expectations. We encourage you to review the notice regarding forward looking statements contained in the earnings release published today as well as TI's most recent SEC filings for a more complete description. Today, we'll provide the following updates. First, Haviv will start with a quick overview of the quarter, including insight into first quarter revenue results and some details of what we're seeing with respect to our end markets.

Next, he'll share how we are approaching the overall market environment and provide guidance for second quarter twenty twenty five. Lastly, Rafael will cover the financial results and give an update on capital management. With that, let me turn it

Thanks, Mike. Let me start with a quick overview of the first quarter. Revenue came in at $4,100,000,000 an increase of 2% sequentially and an increase of 11% year over year. Analog revenue grew 13% year over year, and embedded processing was about flat, and both segments grew sequentially.

Our other segment grew 23% from the year ago quarter. Now I'll provide some insight into our first quarter revenue by end market. We continue to see recovery across our end markets, with industrial showing broad recovery across sectors and geographies. We believe customer inventories are at low levels across all end markets. Similar to last quarter, I'll focus on sequential performance, as it is more informative at this time.

First, the industrial market increased upper single digits after seven consecutive quarters of sequential decline. The automotive market increased low single digits. Personal electronics declined mid teens, in line with typical seasonal trends. Enterprise systems grew mid single digits, and communications equipment was up about 10%. Before I go to our second quarter guidance, let me take a minute to frame how we are approaching the current environment.

It is a time of high uncertainty in the world, as tariffs and geopolitics are disrupting global supply chains and creating unpredictable economic conditions. Adding to that, semiconductors are highly visible, as it is broadly understood that people and economies are increasingly dependent on chips. To navigate in this environment, we will continue to rely on our three key ambitions: We will act like owners who will own the company for decades. We will adapt and succeed in a world that is ever changing. And we will be a company that we are proud to be part of and would be proud to have as our neighbor.

These guiding ambitions are not new they have served us well for decades, and they are enormously valuable in times like these. We look at the current environment in two important categories: one, where we are in the phase of the semiconductor cycle and two, providing geopolitically dependable capacity and navigating in a world that is changing. To help understand where we are in the cycle, we spent some time looking at previous events, including Y2K, the global financial crisis, and the COVID-nineteen pandemic. While no two scenarios are identical, these recent examples help inform our decisions as we prepare for a range of market scenarios. What may be unique right now, is that we are at the bottom of the semiconductor cycle, and customer inventories are at low levels across all end markets.

So relative to where we are, history says it is important to have capacity and inventory in times like these, and we are well positioned. In addition, geopolitically dependable capacity will matter more, and it is increasingly critical and valuable to our customers. We have flexibility and are prepared to navigate the evolving supply chain dynamics. Translating all these to second quarter guidance, I would like to make three points. First, we remain cautious, as there are many things still changing and we are working with our customers to understand and support their needs.

As such, potential impact on our customers, suppliers and TI is unclear and will likely evolve. Second, at this time, we don't see near term impact to second quarter, and we expect TI's revenue in the range of $4,170,000,000 to $4,530,000,000 and earnings per share to be in the range of $1.21 to 1.47 Finally, we will have to see what happens in second half twenty twenty five and going into 2026, and we are prepared for a range of scenarios. We are, and will remain flexible to navigate, especially in the immediate term. With that, let me turn it over to Rafael to review profitability and capital management.

Thanks, Aviv, and good afternoon, everyone. As Habib mentioned, first quarter revenue was $4,100,000,000 Gross profit in the quarter was $2,300,000,000 or 57% of revenue. Sequentially, gross profit margin decreased 90 basis points. Operating expenses in the quarter were $989,000,000 up 6% from a year ago and about as expected. On a trailing twelve month basis, operating expenses were $3,800,000,000 or 24% of revenue.

Operating profit was $1,300,000,000 in the quarter or 33 of revenue and was up 3% from the year ago quarter. Net income in the quarter was $1,200,000,000 or $1.28 per share. Earnings per share included a $05 benefit not in our original guidance. Let me now comment on our capital management results, starting with our cash generation. Cash flow from operations was $849,000,000 in the quarter and $6,200,000,000 on a trailing twelve month basis.

Capital expenditures were $1,100,000,000 in the quarter and 4,700,000,000 over the last twelve months. Free cash flow on a trailing twelve month basis was $1,700,000,000 In the quarter, we paid $1,200,000,000 in dividends and repurchased $653,000,000 of our stock. In total, we returned 6,400,000,000 to our owners in the past twelve months. Our balance sheet remains strong with $5,000,000,000 of cash and short term investments at the end of the first quarter. In the quarter, we repaid $750,000,000 of debt.

Total debt outstanding is 12,950,000,000 with a weighted average coupon of 3.93%. Inventory at the end of the quarter was $4,700,000,000 up $160,000,000 from the prior quarter and days were two forty, down one day sequentially. For second quarter, we now expect our effective tax rate to be about 12 to 13%. In closing, we will stay focused in the areas that add value in the long term. We continue to invest in our competitive advantages, which are manufacturing and technology, a broad product portfolio, reach of our channels and diverse and long lived positions.

We will continue to strengthen these advantages through disciplined capital allocation and by focusing on the best opportunities, which we believe will enable us to continue to deliver free cash flow per share growth over the long term. With that, let

Thanks, Rafael. Operator, you can now open the line for questions. In order to provide as many of you as possible an opportunity to ask your questions, please limit yourself to a single question. After our response, we'll provide you an opportunity for an additional follow-up.

Thank you. Again, we will now be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two to remove yourself from the queue.

For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys. Our first question comes from the line of Timothy Arcuri with UBS. Please proceed with your question.

Thanks much. So the guidance up 7%, that's even better than normal seasonal. I know this is a hard question to answer, but is there any way for you to know how much of this is pull ins ahead of the tariffs? I mean, is there any way your discussions with customers, any of the tonality that's changed? Thanks.

Tim, thanks for the question. So first, before I talk about our approach into the second quarter, just as I said in my prepared remarks, we are looking at two different categories of change in front of us. One is related to the cycle and the cycle we saw in Q1 a continued recovery. I think we mentioned before, I think it was in the previous call, we have three markets now growing year over year and recovering. It was the PE or personal electronics market, enterprise and comms.

It's very obvious to us now that industrial is really joining the pack and it's a large market for us. We've seen some evidence in Q4, but based on what we've seen in Q1, I think this is a real recovery rather than the way I see it right now related to tariffs, at least not for the first quarter, right? And the cycle has hit the bottom because we are seeing more and more evidence from customers that they are really, really short on inventory. They have sometimes a few days of inventory. We've seen that age in phenomena or orders within the quarter, turns as we call it, strengthening in Q4.

It continued to do the same in 1Q. So more and more evidence and signals that across all channels, all geographies, a recovery of the industrial market is here, but the automotive market was always correcting a very shallow manner. So you can kind of say that the markets are now well pointing pre the trade challenges all up into the right. Now, you look at the second quarter, I think we have to stay very cautious, as we said about the forecast. So we are seeing that many things are still changing.

It's a very, very dynamic environment, and I say sometimes by the day. And there is a potential impact on our customers and our suppliers and also on our revenues. So it is unclear and it will evolve, but as I need to call and we spent a lot of time on it, looking at past examples, understanding where the cycle is, and looking at the data we have in front of us, we don't see an immediate near term impact. Of course, the customers wouldn't tell us why we see the orders coming in, but I would guess that a time like this, when there is a little bit of anxiety and do you want to have a little bit of more inventory on your shelves or less? So my guess is more, and that's maybe why we are seeing kind of, I would call it a seasonal, maybe a little bit Pretty typical seasonal.

Pretty typical seasonal second quarter forecast. And Mike, you've looked at some more data on the second quarter. You can add a little bit more information on what we're seeing specifically for the second quarter.

Yeah, yeah. So quarter to date, the revenue linearity we've seen has started out about as we'd expect and it shouldn't be too surprising just given the low inventory levels across the customer base. And it also, we see diversity across the end markets and geographies, so consistent with what Habib shared.

I do, yeah. Is there a way to handicap sort of what your exposure is in China to these retaliatory tariffs? I know you report 19% as companies into China, but there's probably some added exposure from other companies that are domiciled beyond China that are building product in China. And I guess, can you offset some of that by having product on consignment? Do you have a lot of inventory on consignment in China to sort of offset some of that?

Yeah, and again, Tim, as I've said in my prepared remarks, we are providing geopolitically dependable capacity to our customers and we are working every hour with them right now to navigating the changing world. So as you said, we have a lot of capabilities. I think it is important to start and focus first on our China headquartered customers. As you said, it's a little bit maybe it was 19% of our revenue last year, think it was 20% in Q1, aligned with our GDP show, so nothing very special here. And I think we've said many times, it's an important market.

And our customers, we have long term relationship with them, right? They value our product breadth, they value our quality. They also value our scale and service. To your point, part of the service we provide is having inventory on hand, some of it consigned, some of it very close to their manufacturing plants. So all of that is part of the way we serve our customers and have been serving them for years, especially in the last several years where we've taken more customers direct in China and worldwide.

Now, you also remember saying that these guys, they want to be they are and want to continue to be and even further grow their global play. They are making end equipments that are sold into China, but they're also making end equipments that are sold worldwide. Again, this is where our geopolitically dependable capacity is very, very important and valuable. This is where our immediate focus is right now. And this is where I'm sure we'll have some follow-up questions on that.

I'll just say at a high level, we do have flexibility and it's a case by case, but we are working with the customers. Everyone has different requirements of how we can support them on an immediate basis, and alleviate some of their concerns on what's going to happen in the second half of 'twenty five or even into 2026.

Thanks, Tim. Let's move on to the next caller, please.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Vivek Arya with Bank of America Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Thanks so much. First, just wanted to say thanks and best wishes to Dave and his next adventures, and and also good wishes to Mike. For my first question, maybe for Rafael, so inventory was up again. And I think on the last call, you suggested that factory loadings would go down, so it seemed like maybe they did not. So, how much was the gross margin benefit from that?

And then how are you thinking about the direction of loadings and the pace of gross margins from here?

Yeah, no, sure. Let me give you a few pieces of information on that. Gross margin did better than expected, most of that was due to higher revenue and the greater mix of industrial in the quarter, but also our load ins that were down versus fourth quarter, but they were higher than originally expected the base case that we originally had. And that was of course revenue did better than the midpoint and what we're seeing as Saviv described the current environment with customers running pretty lean on inventory and demand being pretty strong and aging, etcetera. On a forward looking basis, our base case right now at the midpoint, we expect factory loadings to increase slightly into second quarter and gross margin to be up versus first quarter.

So first quarter to second quarter gross margin up.

Yes, thank you. So maybe, Hari, for Q2, I think you mentioned that it is perhaps right in the range of seasonality or perhaps at the upper end. I know it tends to be a stronger quarter for your other, you know, calculator business. But when you look at your core segments, could you help us get a feel for what is going to be better or lower than the 7% or so sequential rate, whether it is by industrial or automotive or consumer markets or whether it's by analog or embedded? Just so we get a better feel for what is driving Q2 to be at kind of the upper end of seasonality despite all these macro and tariff related headwinds?

Sure, Vivek. And first, I would say when we are in a normal environment and we are in an up cycle, just to go back to trend line, you need to have some of these quarters running a little bit above seasonality, right? That's the only way to get back to trend line. So I think we've started to see some of it in terms of the demand signals we're seeing. And I think there is nothing I would call specifically versus Q1 other than the continued strength in industrial, I think the industrial signal is now, I would say, probably five months or so.

I mean, we've seen some above industrial seasonality in Q4. Typically, it goes like mid single digits down in Q4. I think it went down low single, I think, Mike. And then again, an above seasonal and industrial in 1Q, close to that 10% mark. And I don't see right now at least any slowdown there.

And that's also very I think it's also very intuitive. As I said, there is a little bit of anxiety and unknown, I think customers want to have a little bit more inventory than less. So if I have to call the second quarter, I would expect it to behave very similarly to Q1. Remember, the automotive cycle was the last one to join the pack, just kind of a late cover of both on the way up in COVID and down. So I do expect it to come in last, but it was always very, very shallow.

Even in Q1, think we've seen automotive growing sequentially, and I think even growing year over year. So the automotive cycle has been very, very slow, kind of a mid to high single digit. That was what we've seen on a trailing twelve month basis. So overall, that would be my read into the second quarter.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Stacy Rasgon with Bernstein Research. Please proceed with your question.

Guys. Thanks for taking my questions. Habib, you said at first that you didn't see any pull forward, but then you talked about customers wanting to hold more, which sort of seems like the definition of pull forward, and you seem concerned about the second half. I mean, I guess my question is, if there was pull forward going on, would would you care, or would you just would you just ship? Like, is your typical plan I I always thought it was if if you can fulfill it, you ship it, and it doesn't really matter more than that.

Is that how we should be thinking about how you're living in this environment right now, given some of the upside that you are seeing or clearly seeing?

Yes, Stacy, thanks for the question. Let me first clarify the first point I've made. Maybe I was a little bit not clear enough. I would guess that what we've seen in the first quarter, okay? The dominant signal I've seen in the first quarter, and we've seen it across channels, across geography was very consistent.

It's just a return of industrial. We've seen that in a broad way across the channels, on our online business. It's just been very, very broad, nothing that looked anxious or nothing that looks like huge orders or whatever, an acceleration of the aging trend we saw in Q4. So very consistent with what we've seen in Q4, but accelerated, right? So that's my comment on the first quarter.

For the second quarter, we have data only for I mean, it's not even been it's not even a month yet, right? So And our lead times are very short, and the signals we see right now are nothing that signals anxiety or something very, very weird, but kind of a continuation of the cycle. My guess is, again, that's when I think about industrial customers running low volumes, exposed to all these news, I think that you would want to have a little bit more than less. And that's also my anecdotal discussion with customers. They do have a wish to maybe replenish some of their empty shelves.

So I think we are seeing now maybe end demand on industrial plus a little bit, okay? And that's what I would say is a typical cycle behavior. Now, when I say we have to prepare to any scenario, that thing can develop both ways. The second half could turn into, I don't know, slowdown and just no end demand, and we will see that in our orders at a certain point of time, we haven't seen it yet. But as anxiety builds, and we've seen sometimes situations like that, think about COVID and COVID, and we looked at that cycle very, very carefully, the economy stopped.

I mean, people were not building end equipment, we were not showing up to factories, so everything stopped. But then that was this period after that anxiety has built, and we've seen orders, you know, three years worth of orders on our books, and we are not right now there. But we do have to think about what happens if customers get into this anxious mode, then we need to support them. And to your question, specific one, we are not going to just flood them with stuff that we don't think they need. We have a playbook that we have written over the last several years of what happens in an up cycle, And we'll manage customers according to that demand in a very structured and organized way.

I do, thank you. Maybe to follow-up on that again, I know it's only been less than a month in the quarter, I know we're twenty three days in. I think we're, what, about two weeks or so since our Liberation Day. Just what have you seen on, I guess, any acceleration in the order rate during those kind of two weeks post tariff versus, say, what you saw exiting Q1? Like have orders materially accelerated, the pace of orders materially accelerated over the last couple of weeks?

I'll say a very high level comment and Mike, can give some more color. In general, Stacy, our forecast represents what we're seeing right now. I mean, we of course want to give you the best data when we come to this call and that's our best estimate of what the quarter will do according to what we see right now.

Yeah, think it's difficult to rule out any specific reason, you know, for a given order. But again, as we mentioned before, what we have seen since the beginning of the quarter, you know, the linearity so far is about what you'd expect to see from a first to second transition and also in an environment where you're having end markets that are in recovery. So not unusual what we've seen so far.

All right, with that, I'll move on to the next caller.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Tore Svanberg with Stifel. Please proceed with your question.

Yes. Thank you and, congratulations to Dave on his retirement, tremendous career and you'll be sorely missed. My question first question is on some of the activity that you've seen here the last few weeks. Is there any regional disparity here? I mean, I'm asking the question because obviously, there's variances on the potential tariffs by region.

So is that also very consistent with what you typically would see?

Yeah, I'll take that and maybe provide a little bit more color. I think Tim went there and I can provide a little bit more color what's happening. As we said in the prepared remarks and also in my response to Tim, we are working very closely with our customers, because of course they are reading the situation, they are studying the supply chains, and we are a large supplier of them, very broad supplier, and of course they want to have flexibility. And by the way, the rules are changing every day, and if they could continue to change, they are attacking and thinking about what can they do right now. And of course, if you think about, Tore, about the way our market works, the way cycle times are built for semis, nothing can be fixed immediately, right?

Everybody is kind of preparing for what the second half of the year could be, and they want to have a very robust and what we like to call a geopolitically dependable capacity supplier on their side. You go in the I'll go a little bit of more specificity why we think and why we can say that our discussions are going well, because we do have flexibility. If you think about the let's just take, for example, our main focus is our China headquartered customers. For the majority of our portfolio, we have already an internal dual flow capability, right? This was put together back in the, actually in the Japan earthquake more than a decade ago, that we want to have a disaster recovery framework when the supply chain gets shut, doing what customers can do.

And that's also a very big requirement for customers who buy high volume from TI. So that is something that we now have to work immediately on some logistics, because now to optimize potential costs for customers, we have to adapt our manufacturing flow and our logistics in order to get the right parts to the right customers. And we have inventory, sometimes we have inventory from both flavors on our shelves right now, but we just have to make sure that the machine, because we have more than 100,000 customers and they are buying sometimes hundreds of different parts per customer, we have to make sure that logistically our machine has to adapt and optimize the right path for the customer. We also have external partners, right? So if you think about, I can give a very easy example from our embedded business.

Our embedded business is in the process of shifting manufacturing from foundries, in this case in Taiwan to our fab in Lehi. So by definition, the parts double, they have a dual flow, one internal, one external. And we just have to, again, get the right wafers to the right customers. That is something that we are busy doing with the customers who need that. And just a reminder, we are coming from a very deep cycle way below the trend line.

And we have four fabs outside of The US, we have two in Japan, One in China, One in Germany. And we have most of the parts that we have running on in The U. S. Also running there, right? So maybe these are not as cost efficient as our 300 millimeter wafer fab, but they are competitive.

And this is where the control of our technology allows us to shift some of our supply into these fabs where needed. Obviously, fabs are underutilized because at the down cycle, you optimize your capacity, your lower cost rather than to your 200 millimeter wafer fab. So the bottom line, it's a complex execution plan that we have. The teams are engaged, working closely with customers, And we are prepared to navigate the evolving supply chain dynamics into the second quarter, but also into the second half of twenty twenty five into next year.

Let's move on to the next caller, please.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Tom O'Malley with Barclays. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, guys. Thanks for letting me ask a question. And again, I want to pass along the thanks to Dave. You will be missed. My first is just on the China for China strategy.

So if you look at your global footprint versus your peers, clearly, you guys are really well positioned from the ability to serve different geographies with different capacity. But maybe just one on your China facility. If you were to look at demand that is coming from China specifically, can you meet all of that demand with your China facility in country? Or could you help me just understand how much of that demand you can meet with that facility? Is that something that you could entirely support with your footprint there?

Yes. Let me I think I said before customers, they don't ask for domestic manufacturing plan. Ask us for a dependable capacity footprint. And that's what we have. Look, the tariff could change three more times in the next two weeks, okay?

And that's something that we can't forecast and also know our customers. But I will say that when we look at our footprint of manufacturing between The US and between Asia and Europe, and also look at the work we do with our external partners and foundries, we are well positioned. The issue is not then the capacity size. The issue is how quickly you can get your logistics and also the cycle time of starting new wafers, landing at customers to optimize the cost of the supply. I think TI is very, very well prepared for that.

So when you have a part that is already running on the board, and it's already qualified, and all you need to do is right now ship it instead of from Dallas, from Japan, that's not a big deal. It works in the system, is dual qualified, it's just a matter of cycle time of starting wafers and getting this supply in front of our customers. So that's the kind of challenges we deal with. It is going well. Our team is working 20 fourseven on it, and I'm very pleased with our reaction time and the urgency that the team is showing.

I will say on the China supply, in general, we have a distant fab in it's a dangerous fab in China. We also have a large AT facility over there. And in general, I think the footprint that TI has is very is a good answer to what our customers in China need, but beyond that, what our customers need worldwide.

Yes, super helpful. This may be a silly question, but I just want to understand too, because in your filings, you talk about front end and back end manufacturing at your different facilities. When you're doing production of a certain chip in a geography, is the back end always associated with that same foundry? Or are you shipping that to different places before it meets the end customer? A.

K. Where is the back end done? Is it pretty much aligned with your foundry footprint just because they're listed similarly in the filings? I just wanted to understand a little better.

The short answer is no, but I'll let Rafael, we have full flexibility, but Rafael maybe you can comment.

Yeah, no. So there's almost unlimited amount of permutations of how this the fabs and the ATs and processes in between bump and probe if you will, that happens. A fab can be a wafer can be fabbed in The United States and then be assembled and tested be assembled in Malaysia and then tested in Taiwan, for example. So it's not all in one geography.

can be changed immediately, some of that can take time, but a lot of that is actually can be moved pretty quickly.

Yeah, think the most important point is there are things that can happen immediately, and the things that have take a little bit of a longer time. So if you think about them in order of the easiest thing to do is just to route, and that's a logistic comment I had, to route the right parts to the right customers. That's an IT thing. Again, we are a massive supplier, okay? We run well above 10,000,000,000 units a year, sorry, a quarter to our customers.

So that's not something you could do manually on an Excel sheet, right? So logistics and IT has to be put together and we are. The second thing that you are doing is just on the AT. AT is a very easy permutation to Rafael's point, and it's very simple to take a wafer from a certain fab and run it quickly on a new assembly and test factory, just because the cycle time is lower. And course, when we go to the base layer, the chip, the chip just has longer cycle time, and this is where we are gathering information from our customers, so we can solve their problems as soon as possible.

Thanks, Tom. Let's move on to the next caller, please.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of William Stein with Truist Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Great. Thanks for taking my question. I wonder if you could talk to

about the breakup between in growth between pricing and volume, specifically as it relates to tariffs. Was there anything that helped, for example, this new tariff, you're passing the price along and so you see some price benefit either in the Q1 result or in the Q2 guidance? Anything that we can quantify?

Texas Instruments (TXN) Q1 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

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