Jerome Powell’s sunny economic outlook clashes with the Fed’s bold interest rate cut

Diane BradyBy Diane BradyExecutive Editorial Director, Fortune Live Media and author of CEO Daily
Diane BradyExecutive Editorial Director, Fortune Live Media and author of CEO Daily

Diane Brady is an award-winning business journalist and author who has interviewed newsmakers worldwide and often speaks about the global business landscape. As executive editorial director of the Fortune CEO Initiative, she brings together a growing community of global business leaders through conversations, content, and connections. She is also executive editorial director of Fortune Live Media and interviews newsmakers for the magazine and the CEO Daily newsletter.

Joey AbramsBy Joey AbramsAssociate Production Editor
Joey AbramsAssociate Production Editor

    Joey Abrams is the associate production editor at Fortune.

    Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell speaks during a news conference on Sept. 18, 2024 in Washington, D.C.
    Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell speaks during a news conference on Sept. 18, 2024 in Washington, D.C.
    Anna Moneymaker—Getty Images

    Good morning

    The Fed cut interest rates by half a percentage point yesterday—the first cut in four years and double the 25 basis points that many expected from the central bank. And yet the markets dipped down, perhaps because of a perceived disconnect between Fed Chair Jerome Powell’s sunny prognosis that “the economy is in good shape” and the committee’s bold action that suggests a possible recession on the horizon. 

    Whatever the reason, we do know that rates tend to move higher when inflation is a problem and move lower when central bankers want to encourage lending, consumption and job growth. A weakening job market was certainly a factor in yesterday’s cut. 

    But a conversation yesterday with FedEx CEO Raj Subramaniam at Dreamforce made me wonder about the possible decoupling of interest rates and hiring in the coming years. As companies start to double down on AI and discover meaningful productivity gains, will prosperity and job growth remain linked? Kai-Fu Lee, a VC and computer scientist who has been on the front lines of AI for years, believes it could displace 50% of jobs by 2027.

    Since replacing founder Fred Smith as CEO about two years ago, Subramaniam has stepped up the transformation that he’d been driving as president and COO. Having a digital twin of its operations, for example, has enabled FedEx to better predict and adapt to weather events—which means snowstorms in Memphis that cost the company $300 million a few years ago now cost a fraction of that because of better planning. During our on-stage conversation, Subramaniam announced the launch of fdx.com, a data-driven commerce platform that lets customers leverage insights to “make supply chains smarter for everyone.”

    We talked about the culture of FedEx and how it’s hiring a broader array of tech talent and investing in up-skilling. But we didn’t talk about how the rise of automated facilitiesautonomous trucks and pilotless planes could lead to a safer and faster global logistics giant with fewer people. That’s a structural shift across many industries where interest rates may not hold much sway.

    More news below.

    Diane Brady
    diane.brady@fortune.com
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