Governor Gavin Newsom first announced the 2035 goal in an executive order two years ago, but the new rules would set a firm timetable for reaching it, requiring automakers to steadily increase their sales of zero-emission cars in the nation’s largest auto market. And because 17 other states typically follow California’s auto-emissions standards, Thursday’s vote by the California Air Resources Board could reverberate far beyond the Golden State’s borders, forcing the auto industry to speed up its switch to electric cars.

It could also burnish Newsom’s climate-change credentials at a time when the Democratic governor is widely believed to be weighing a run for the White House.

California, birthplace of Tesla Inc., has long been the nation’s top market for electric vehicles, and they account for 15% of new cars registered in the state this year, according to the California New Car Dealers Association.  The proposed regulations would set annual targets for boosting that percentage, starting at 35% in 2026 and hitting 68% in 2030. Plug-in hydrids, which switch between electricity and gas, and hydrogen fuel-cell cars would also count toward those goals. California already has its own clean-vehicle incentive program, offering rebates of as much as $7,000 toward the purchase of zero-emission vehicles, although cars costing more than $45,000 don’t qualify.

Read More:  California Electric Vehicle Plan Misses Equity, Advocates Say

The move would dovetail with President Joe Biden’s efforts to push electric car sales. The Inflation Reduction Act he signed last week includes tax credits of up to $7,500 to EV buyers, although income restrictions apply. And last year’s infrastructure law included $5 billion to build a nationwide network of charging stations along major highways, to convince drivers they won’t get stranded without power on a trip if they make the switch.

While most automakers have announced plans to ramp up production of EVs, the industry has expressed concern about getting locked into specific timelines for their adoption and that many consumers may not be ready to ditch gasoline. Electrics made up less than 6% of new car sales in the first half of this year, according to the Edmunds automotive information service. And EV prices, already higher than gas-powered cars, are rising as the war in Ukraine, supply chain problems and rising demand make the metals inside their rechargeable batteries more expensive. The average sales price for an EV in July was nearly $62,900, according to Edmunds, compared with $47,200 for all vehicles.

“It’s a worthy goal, but may be unrealistic given the charging infrastructure and likely increasing demand for power,” Brian Moody, executive editor for Kelley Blue Book and Autotrader, said in an emailed statement.  

Still, Edmunds analyst Jessica Caldwell said Wednesday that the industry should be able to meet California’s goals. “If automakers can pick up production, sufficient investments are made in charging infrastructure and the power grid, and financial incentives can be made more available, this milestone should be achievable—if not surpassable,” said Caldwell, the company’s executive director of insights.