Germany’s economy minister branded Greece’s demand for 278.7 billion euros (or roughly $300 billion) in reparations from World War Two as “stupid” on Tuesday, while the German opposition said Berlin should repay a forced loan dating from the Nazi occupation.
Greek Deputy Finance Minister Dimitris Mardas made the demand on Monday, seizing on an emotional issue in a country where many blame Germany, their biggest creditor, for the tough austerity measures and record high unemployment connected with two international bailouts totaling 240 billion euros.
Sigmar Gabriel, who is economy minister and German vice chancellor, called the demand “stupid,” saying Greece ultimately had an interest in squeezing a bit of leeway out of its euro zone partners to help Athens overcome its debt crisis.
“And this leeway has absolutely nothing to do with World War Two or reparation payments,” said Gabriel, who leads the Social Democrats (SPD), junior partner in the ruling coalition with Chancellor Angela Merkel’s conservatives.
Berlin is keen to draw a line under the reparations issue and officials have previously argued that Germany has honored its obligations, including a 115-million deutsche mark payment made to Greece in 1960.
A spokeswoman for the finance ministry said on Tuesday that the government’s position was unchanged.
Eckhardt Rehberg, a budget expert for the conservatives, accused Athens of deliberately mixing the debt crisis and reform requirements imposed by Greece’s international creditors with the issue of reparations and compensation.
“For me the figure of 278.7 billion euros of supposed war debts is neither comprehensible nor sound,” he told Reuters.
“The issue of reparations has, for us, been dealt with both from a political and a legal perspective.”
Left and Greens: Berlin should pay
But Greece’s demand for Germany to repay a forced wartime loan amounting to 10.3 billion euros found support from the German opposition, with members of the Greens and the far-left Linke party saying Berlin should cough up.
Both Manuel Sarrazin, a European policy expert for the Greens, and Annette Groth, a member of the leftist Linke party and chairman of a German-Greek parliamentary group, told Reuters that Berlin should repay a so-called occupation loan that Nazi Germany forced the Bank of Greece to make in 1942.
Berlin and Athens should “jointly and amicably” take any other claims to the International Court of Justice, Sarrazin said.
Groth went further, saying: “If you look at Greece’s debt and the European Central Bank’s bond purchases every month, it puts the figure of 278.7 billion euros into perspective.”
She said the German government should, at the very least, talk to Athens about how it came up with that figure.
“The German government’s categorical ‘Nein’ certainly cannot be allowed to stand. That’s disgraceful 70 years after the end of the war,” Groth said.
Gabriel did say that Germany needed to keep asking itself whether it had done enough in connection with World War Two.
He said that while the “Treaty on the Final Settlement with respect to Germany” signed in September 1990 by the then-West Germany and East Germany with the four World War Two allies had put a “formal end” to the reparations debate, Germany could not – for the foreseeable future — draw a line under its responsibilities that arise from World War Two.