• Home
  • Latest
  • Fortune 500
  • Finance
  • Tech
  • Leadership
  • Lifestyle
  • Rankings
  • Multimedia

Trendingnow

1

The millennial generation has split, new Fed research shows: Those over 35 are edging toward boomer-style wealth, while everyone else falls behind

2

Mark Cuban says he has the solution to growing income inequality, and it's to reward every employee—from CEO to janitor—with company stock

3

Mathematicians grapple with a ‘very rapid and very unsettling change’ as AI cracks yet another century-old problem

1

The millennial generation has split, new Fed research shows: Those over 35 are edging toward boomer-style wealth, while everyone else falls behind

2

Mark Cuban says he has the solution to growing income inequality, and it's to reward every employee—from CEO to janitor—with company stock

3

Mathematicians grapple with a ‘very rapid and very unsettling change’ as AI cracks yet another century-old problem
Leadershipworking mothers

Math for working moms: How much do they really make?

By
Terri Lively
Terri Lively
Down Arrow Button Icon
By
Terri Lively
Terri Lively
Down Arrow Button Icon
September 22, 2015, 2:14 PM ET
Photograph by Getty Images
Add Fortune on Google for similar content.

Many working moms assume their gross pay determines their hourly rate. For example, if you make $50,000 a year at 40 hours a week over 52 weeks, then you earn $24 an hour. Right?

Not so fast. It depends on many factors, including whether you are a W-2 employee or a 1099 working mom. Using a little math for working mothers, you might be surprised to learn how much you actually make.

Let’s start with the W-2 crowd. Paula Pant, personal finance expert and founder of Afford Anything, says when you work outside the home, you have expenses you wouldn’t if you worked at home or didn’t work at all.

“So you make $50,000 a year, but that’s your top-line revenue, your gross revenue,” Pant explains. “A lot of people fail to calculate the operating expenses they incur to make that money. Once you subtract out all of your operating overhead, then you arrive at your net profit.” And that, she says, is a number most people don’t know.

Here are some estimated examples of these annual operating expenses with average costs, minus the two weeks you should be on vacation:

  • Full-time daycare costs. Average expense for families in the U.S., according to Care.com: $18,000
  • Commuting, parking, and wear on vehicle. Estimating 15 miles daily multiplied by the IRS deduction rate of 57.5 ¢ per mile, as well as $50 a week for parking, which is the median range for off-street parking according to a study by Public Works Management & Policy: $4,656.25
  • Work-related clothing and dry cleaning: Estimating $25 per week for both: $1,250
  • Lunch and coffee: Estimating one of each, once a week, totaling $13 a week: $650

 

Total annual expenses: $24,556.25.
Your hourly rate after overhead expenses: $12.23
(This breakdown does not include income taxes, insurance, or retirement savings.)

Everyone’s own estimate will vary, of course, so Pant recommends writing out a list of your personal overhead to ascertain your actual pay per hour.

“When you do that, you’ll understand your true hourly rate,” she says. “Once you know your true hourly rate, that knowledge will influence your decision-making.”

 

What about 1099 working moms? Taking the same $50,000 and dividing it by 50 weeks (assuming two weeks vacation, which for 1099 employees is unpaid) and the 36-hour average a freelancer works a week according to Payoneer’s Freelancers Income Survey 2015, you gross just under $28 ($27.78) an hour.

But running your own business brings its own overhead. According to Kim Loewer, EA (Enrolled Agent) ATA (Accredited Tax Advisor), of Loewer and Associates, one of the biggest expenses unique to 1099 employees is the self-employment tax, otherwise known as the Social Security and Medicare tax.

“As a self-employed individual, take into consideration that amount would be twice as much as you would pay as an employee because you’re paying the employee as well as the employer share,” Loewer says.

Self-employment tax is approximately 15.3% and calculated on your net income after business expense deductions, says Loewer. Besides business expenses, there are other overhead costs for the self-employed, including city taxes, association costs, and even increased utility bills.

Let’s consider the same $50,000 per year earnings on a sole proprietor consulting business:

  • Business expense deductions: Expenses can include marketing and professional association memberships, travel and car expenses, Internet and phone, computer hardware and software, and IT support among others. Estimate before taxes: $10,000.
  • Your new net income: $40,000
  • Self-employment tax: 15.3% of $40,000= $6,120

 

Total expenses: $16,120
Hourly rate after overhead expenses: $18.82
(This breakdown also doesn’t include income taxes, insurance, or retirement savings.)

Another caveat for the 1099 employee: Unlike the W-2 worker, the $50,000 is not guaranteed, but instead depends on what the 1099 employee books—and charges. According to Payoneer, the average freelancer makes $21 per hour, putting that average gross salary at $37,800.

Childcare expenses may also be lower for 1099 working moms, but they do exist. “If your job takes you away from home when the children are coming home from school, are on vacation or they’re sick,” Loewer explains, “there’s a cost of daycare or getting a babysitter,”

In fact, childcare is the biggest expense for most working moms whatever their status. When comparing childcare expenses to their salaries, Pant says many working moms choose to take a break from their careers. But she cautions moms to consider the long-term financial implications that come with that decision.

“Taking that break from your career could result in a lifetime of decreased earnings. Now that being said, if you have personal reasons for wanting to take that break, that’s a different story. That’s not a financial decision anymore,” she says.

Whatever choice you make as a working mom—full-time employment, striking out on your own, or taking an extended break from the working world—figuring out your actual hourly rate is a great first step. Getting a clear number on what you net after all your overhead costs can make the difference for any career decision when you’re juggling home and life priorities.

About the Author
By Terri Lively
See full bioRight Arrow Button Icon
Add Fortune on Google for similar content.

Latest in Leadership

Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025

Most Popular

Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Finance
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam
By Fortune Editors
October 20, 2025
Fortune Secondary Logo
Rankings
  • 100 Best Companies
  • Fortune 500
  • Global 500
  • Fortune 500 Europe
  • Most Powerful Women
  • World's Most Admired Companies
  • See All Rankings
  • Lists Calendar
Sections
  • Finance
  • Fortune Crypto
  • Features
  • Leadership
  • Health
  • Commentary
  • Success
  • Retail
  • Mpw
  • Tech
  • Lifestyle
  • CEO Initiative
  • Asia
  • Politics
  • Conferences
  • Europe
  • Newsletters
  • Personal Finance
  • Environment
  • Magazine
  • Education
Customer Support
  • Frequently Asked Questions
  • Customer Service Portal
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms Of Use
  • Single Issues For Purchase
  • International Print
Commercial Services
  • Advertising
  • Fortune Brand Studio
  • Fortune Analytics
  • Fortune Conferences
  • Business Development
  • Group Subscriptions
About Us
  • About Us
  • Press Center
  • Work At Fortune
  • Terms And Conditions
  • Site Map
  • About Us
  • Press Center
  • Work At Fortune
  • Terms And Conditions
  • Site Map
  • Facebook icon
  • Twitter icon
  • LinkedIn icon
  • Instagram icon
  • TikTok icon
  • YouTube icon

Latest in Leadership

buffett
SuccessWealth
‘The man who dies rich dies disgraced’: The last time America had such wealth inequality, Andrew Carnegie knew he had to give it all away
By Nick LichtenbergJuly 22, 2026
11 hours ago
Larry Page and Sergey Brin
SuccessBillionaires
Larry Page and Sergey Brin splash $225 million in Miami property as billionaires flee California’s tax—and Google is expanding its office there too
By Emma BurleighJuly 22, 2026
13 hours ago
Warren Buffett called Bill Gates’ Epstein ties ‘distasteful’ and pulled out of the Gates Foundation. Days later, a review revealed 30 meetings
North AmericaWarren Buffett
Warren Buffett called Bill Gates’ Epstein ties ‘distasteful’ and pulled out of the Gates Foundation. Days later, a review revealed 30 meetings
By Sydney LakeJuly 22, 2026
13 hours ago
Jon Gray leans while talking and sitting in a chair
SuccessCareers
Blackstone president Jon Gray tells Gen Z to think like founders at work—but a growing number are skipping the corporate ladder to become one for real
By Preston ForeJuly 22, 2026
14 hours ago
clark
North AmericaMedia
Ryan Clark found out he was fired live, mid-broadcast, on NFL Live as ESPN undergoes first major layoffs in 3 years
By Joe Reedy and The Associated PressJuly 22, 2026
14 hours ago
A woman observes stock trends on her smartphone while a computer screen displays financial graphs.
NewslettersCFO Daily
Beyond SpaceX: Why great IPOs depend on more than first-day demand
By Sheryl EstradaJuly 22, 2026
16 hours ago

Most Popular

The millennial generation has split, new Fed research shows: Those over 35 are edging toward boomer-style wealth, while everyone else falls behind
Real Estate
The millennial generation has split, new Fed research shows: Those over 35 are edging toward boomer-style wealth, while everyone else falls behind
By Nick LichtenbergJuly 22, 2026
12 hours ago
Mark Cuban says he has the solution to growing income inequality, and it's to reward every employee—from CEO to janitor—with company stock
Success
Mark Cuban says he has the solution to growing income inequality, and it's to reward every employee—from CEO to janitor—with company stock
By Sasha RogelbergJuly 20, 2026
2 days ago
Mathematicians grapple with a ‘very rapid and very unsettling change’ as AI cracks yet another century-old problem
AI
Mathematicians grapple with a ‘very rapid and very unsettling change’ as AI cracks yet another century-old problem
By Eva RoytburgJuly 21, 2026
1 day ago
OpenAI says its AI models secretly broke out of a secure test environment and hacked into AI company Hugging Face in order to cheat on an evaluation
Cybersecurity
OpenAI says its AI models secretly broke out of a secure test environment and hacked into AI company Hugging Face in order to cheat on an evaluation
By Jeremy Kahn and Emily ForliniJuly 21, 2026
1 day ago
Despite a $156 million contract, Knicks star Jalen Brunson still calls his parents for financial advice any time he makes a big purchase
Success
Despite a $156 million contract, Knicks star Jalen Brunson still calls his parents for financial advice any time he makes a big purchase
By Emma BurleighJuly 21, 2026
2 days ago
Scott Bessent casually says the U.S. has more than $1 trillion in gold—and that it doesn’t matter for the dollar
Economy
Scott Bessent casually says the U.S. has more than $1 trillion in gold—and that it doesn’t matter for the dollar
By Sasha RogelbergJuly 22, 2026
9 hours ago

© 2026 Fortune Media IP Limited. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy | CA Notice at Collection and Privacy Notice | Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information
FORTUNE is a trademark of Fortune Media IP Limited, registered in the U.S. and other countries. FORTUNE may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice.