Newsom announced the deficit and his plans to cover it Wednesday as he outlined his nearly $322 billion state spending plan for the upcoming fiscal year.

Beyond higher-than-expected Medicaid spending, Newsom blamed broad economic uncertainty, including federal tariff policies and a volatile stock market. California relies heavily on revenue from a tax on capital gains.

Newsom, a Democrat, highlighted California’s contributions to the U.S. and world economy and said President Donald Trump’s economic policies could reduce state revenues by $16 billion in the coming years.

“California is under assault,” he said. “We have a president that’s been reckless in terms of assaulting those growth engines.”

He now opens budget negotiations with lawmakers. A final budget must be signed by the end of June.

Assembly Republican Leader James Gallagher criticized Newsom for blaming much of the state’s budget woes on Trump.

“Newsom’s finger-pointing on the budget shortfall is the biggest load of crap I’ve ever seen from a politician, and he shovels out a lot of it,” Gallagher said. “We’re in this mess because of his reckless spending, false promises, and failed leadership.”

A freeze on immigrant health care

The decision highlights Newsom’s struggle to protect his liberal policy priorities against budget challenges in his final years on the job and as he weighs his next political move, which could include a presidential run.

Immigration has become a politically potent issue nationally. Nearly half of Americans approve of President Donald Trump’s tougher immigration approach, according to an AP-NORC poll conducted in April. Meanwhile, Republicans in Congress have threatened to reduce Medicaid money for states that enroll immigrants living in the country illegally.

The freeze does not mean California is backing away from its support for immigrants, Newsom said.

“No state has done more than the state of California, no state will continue to do more than the state of California by a long shot. And that’s a point of pride,” he said.

California was among one of the first states to extend free health care benefits to all poor adults regardless of their immigration status last year, an ambitious plan touted by Newsom to help the nation’s most populous state inch closer to a goal of universal health care. But the cost ran $2.7 billion more than the administration had anticipated. The state has more than 1.6 million people without legal status enrolled in its health care program this fiscal year, according to the budget.

Newsom in March suggested he was not considering rolling back health benefits for immigrants as the state was grappling with a $6.2 billion Medicaid shortfall. He also repeatedly defended the expansion, saying it saves the state money in the long run. The program is state-funded and does not use federal dollars.

Under Newsom’s plan, low-income adults without legal status will no longer be eligible to apply for Medi-Cal, the state’s Medicaid program, starting in 2026. Those who are already enrolled won’t be kicked off their plans, and the changes won’t impact children. Newsom didn’t say how long the freeze would last.

Starting in 2027, adults with “unsatisfactory immigration status” on Medi-Cal will also have to pay a $100 monthly premium. The governor’s office said that is in line with the average cost paid by those who are on subsidized heath plans through California’s own marketplace. There is no premium for most people currently on Medi-Cal.

“We believe that people should have some skin in the game as it relates to contributions,” Newsom said.

Newsom’s office estimated the changes will save the state $5.4 billion by fiscal year 2028-2029.

The Medi-Cal expansion, combined with other factors such as rising pharmacy costs and larger enrollment by older people, has forced California to borrow and authorize new funding to plug the multibillion hole earlier this year. California provides free health care to more than a third of its 39 million people.

Democratic state Sen. Dave Cortese said he opposed Newsom’s plan to scale back coverage for some immigrants without legal status.

“Congress may be walking away from its obligation to the poor, the elderly, and the disabled, but California will not,” Cortese said in a statement.

Newsom’s proposals go against the commitment the state has made to the immigrant community, said Masih Fouladi, executive director of the California Immigrant Policy Center.

“Questions about the practicality of the program aren’t even something that we want to entertain with,” he said. “The proposal just doesn’t match with our values as a state.”