The lengthy report, which is billed as the “most comprehensive collection to date of documented concerns with governance practices, leadership integrity, and organizational culture at OpenAI,” was put together by two nonprofit tech watchdogs, the Midas Project and the Tech Oversight Project.

It draws on sources such as legal complaints, social media posts, media reports, and open letters to try to assemble an overarching view of OpenAI and the people leading the lab. Much of the information in the report has already been shared by media outlets over the years, but the compilation of information in this way aims to raise awareness and propose a path forward for OpenAI that refocuses on responsible governance and ethical leadership.

Much of the report focuses on leaders behind the scenes at OpenAI, particularly CEO Sam Altman, who has become a polarizing figure within the industry. Altman was famously removed from his role as chief of OpenAI in November 2023 by the company’s nonprofit board. He was reinstated after a chaotic week that included a mass employee revolt and a brief stint at Microsoft.

The initial firing was attributed to concerns about his leadership and communication with the board, particularly regarding AI safety. But since then, it’s been reported that several executives at the time, including Mira Murati and Ilya Sutskever, raised questions about Altman’s suitability for the role.

According to an Atlantic article by Karen Hao, former chief technology officer Murati told staffers in 2023 that she didn’t feel “comfortable about Sam leading us to AGI,” while Sutskever said: “I don’t think Sam is the guy who should have the finger on the button for AGI.”

Dario and Daniela Amodei, former VP of research and VP of safety and policy at OpenAI, respectively, also criticized the company and Altman after leaving OpenAI in 2020. According to Karen Hao’s Empire of AI, the pair described Altman’s tactics as “gaslighting” and “psychological abuse” to those around them. Dario Amodei went on to cofound and take the CEO role at rival AI lab, Anthropic.

Others, including prominent AI researcher and former co-lead of OpenAI’s superalignment team, Jan Leike, have critiqued the company more publicly. When Leike departed for Anthropic in early 2024, he accused the company of letting safety culture and processes “take a back seat to shiny products” in a post on X.

OpenAI at a crossroads

The report comes as the AI lab is at somewhat of a crossroads itself. The company has been trying to shift away from its original capped-profit structure to lean into its for-profit aims. 

OpenAI is currently completely controlled by its nonprofit board, which is purely answerable to the company’s founding mission: ensuring that AI benefits all of humanity. This has led to several conflicting interests between the for-profit arm and the nonprofit board as the company tries to commercialize its products.

The original plan to resolve this—to spin out OpenAI into an independent, for-profit company—was scrapped in May and replaced with a new approach, which will turn OpenAI’s for-profit group into a public benefit corporation controlled by the nonprofit.

The “OpenAI Files” report aims to raise awareness about what is happening behind the scenes of one of the most powerful tech companies, but also to propose a path forward for OpenAI that focuses on responsible governance and ethical leadership as the company seeks to develop AGI.

The report said: “OpenAI believes that humanity is, perhaps, only a handful of years away from developing technologies that could automate most human labor.

“The governance structures and leadership integrity guiding a project as important as this must reflect the magnitude and severity of the mission. The companies leading the race to AGI must be held to, and must hold themselves to, exceptionally high standards. OpenAI could one day meet those standards, but serious changes would need to be made.”

Representatives for OpenAI did not respond to a request for comment from Fortune.