That process has included exploring the circumstances in which sexual misconduct occurs: learning about power differentials, NDAs, the ruthlessness of workplace cultures, the career-crushing price of seeking recourse. What’s more, from Harvey Weinstein to Matt Lauer to Steve Wynn, we’ve heard story after story of ghastly behavior—serial sexual assault, trapping women with secret desk buttons, exposing themselves during pedicures. 

Yet a lingering question is how sharing these stories has empowered their victims. 

Courtesy of Simon & Schuster

Our cognitive biases can fail women, whether they get our sympathy or our loathing. We can believe women—indeed, we can deeply empathize with women—while still unintentionally framing their abuse in terms of their own inherent weakness relative to men.  

Few know this better than Abby Schachner, who in 2003 called Louis C.K. to invite him to her upcoming comedy show, only to have him masturbate over the phone. She never wanted to tell her story and only did so to lend credibility to fellow comedians who had committed to going on the record with their own accusations against C.K. Schachner didn’t consider herself a victim; she used the phrase “unfortunate recipient.” 

Schachner sought to give her story nuance and ample context, but soon learned how little control she had over the narrative when the New York Times published the story. Some assumed the incident was what forced her out of comedy, when she said a variety of factors led her to leave the industry. Other women I interviewed echoed Schachner’s frustration that the story of their mistreatment had been reduced to hapless victimhood. 

And it turns out, there’s something to their feelings. In 2019, a team at the Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science’s Language Technologies Institute analyzed 27,602 English-language news stories related to #MeToo drawn from 1,576 media outlets. The articles were examined for veiled biases—the subtle, more difficult-to-detect ways that women and their accused harassers were portrayed. Researchers mapped out how the verbs used depicted individuals in terms of their power, agency, and relatability. 

Data showed that although stories were generally sympathetic to women who had experienced sexual harassment, the women were overwhelmingly portrayed as having less agency than men and significantly less power. The men were consistently presented as powerful, even after accusations had been leveraged; they remained strong, while the women remained weak. 

“The goal of the movement is to empower women,” the lead researcher, Yulia Tsvetkov, said about #MeToo. “But according to our computational analysis, that’s not what’s happening in news stories.” 

Women have been broadly depicted as lacking personal agency and power. The perception of a woman’s inherent weakness is psychological fodder for victim-blaming. Her abuse becomes the natural consequence of her own frailty—the best she could muster in a world of male dominance and desire. As we continue to ensure that women who come forward with accusations of sexual misconduct are believed instead of vilified or shunned, we would be wise to remember that simplistic explanations for abuse are never the most empowering.

Excerpted from COMPLICIT: How Our Culture Enables Misbehaving Men by Reah Bravo, published by Gallery Books, a division of Simon & Schuster.

The Broadsheet is Fortune’s newsletter for and about the world’s most powerful women. Today’s edition was curated by Joseph Abrams. Subscribe here.

ALSO IN THE HEADLINES

- Next in line? Two prediction market platforms now list Vice President Kamala Harris as the frontrunner to secure the Democratic presidential nomination amid concerns over President Joe Biden’s future on the ticket. This comes amid reports that Congressional Democrats may demand that the president step down and Harris’s former donors prepare to rally behind the VP.

- Stall and response. Independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. refused to confirm or deny a sexual assault allegation detailed in Vanity Fair, instead stating that he is “not a church boy.” Kennedy, who called the article “garbage,” is accused of groping the former babysitter of his children in 1998. The Guardian

- Deal again. Skydance Media has reached a preliminary agreement to purchase Shari Redstone’s National Amusements in a deal that would net Redstone $1.75 billion. It’s Skydance’s second attempt to buy National Amusements and merge with Paramount, its subsidiary, after initial negotiations failed last month. The deal must be approved by a Paramount special committee. CNBC

- Current events. CPKC Stadium, the exclusive home to the Kansas City Current women’s soccer team, has been sold out for every game so far this season. The stadium could be a new model for women’s teams that have typically been forced to share facilities with men’s squads. Wall Street Journal

- Joining the force. A pivot in manufacturing from China to India is likely to bring factory jobs to women in India who otherwise have few opportunities to work. Economists say that funneling more women into India’s workforce will give them more power to confront restrictive societal standards. New York Times

ON MY RADAR

Here’s what our clothes would look like if more women designed them Vogue

She took on a small Mississippi town’s police. Then they arrested her Washington Post

Angel Reese and Caitlin Clark will play on the same team for the WNBA All-Star game NPR

PARTING WORDS

“In this stage of my life, I’m letting go of the tug of war rope. I don’t like to fight; I like to discuss.”

— Actress Brooke Shields, who was elected president of the Actors’ Equity Association last month